System of control.



SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY411915.

Ground.

WITNESSES 1 mvz-zmon a fi'Qdo/FE. Mel/mane, and W W flag i A". Farm.

Fateuted Apr. 1, 1M9.-

. TT'oRNEY was no eiiriiiiile Uhllflllll i. We. 1

PENNSYLVAN 1A,

evens;

Application filed i, 193.5.

Mum), a suljiject of the German Empire, and

a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvan n and RALPH E. FERRIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Swissvale, in the county 0i. Allegheny and State of Penns l- Vania, have invented new and useful linprovcment in Systems of Control, of which the-following is a specification.

Our invention relates to systems of con trol, and it has special reference to the regenerative control oi direct-current motors for electric railway vehicles and the like.

One of the objects of our invention is to provide a system of the above-indicated character Which shall be effective and reli able in operation and which shall embody certain automatic or inherent regulating characteristics to )revcnt undesirable current surges and to; maintain a substantially constant regeneraied current.

Another objectof our invention is to provide a system of the class in question which may l'i-mlily be adapted :for use during the accelerating periods of theanotors to reduce the current beaks and to produce a relatively smooth acceleration of the vehicle.

In the co-pending application of R. E. Hellmund, Serial NO, 860 612, filed Septemher .8. 1914:, and assigned to the lVesting-.

house Electric &- Manufacturing UOIUPAHY, is shown and described a system for obtaining a negative compound eilect during reo'enerativc operation, such effect being se curedhy connecting a portion of the field- Winding turns to be negatively or oppositely i energized With respect to the remaining fieldovinding turns and the armature, thereby inherently causing a relatlvely rapid weakening of the eflectivefield flux upon an increase of the regenerated current. However, in motors of the field-control type, the

system in. question sometimes requires still further subdivision of the field winding to provide proper regenerative conditions, thus leading to undesirable and expensive complications in the motor connections.- Moreover, in case an exciting machine is employed for the main. motor-field excitation. during, the regenerative period, if a battery is used to energize the encit-er field wind- 'mg it becomes impossible 0 328 118 use lei Specification of Zeient.

such negative oppositely "c winding turns in the namotor is used a" an exciien live turns are utiiiecd they act eniy tempo u the regenerated ou tor has readjusted i ditions.

According to our present iiivi-inticn, therefore, "We provide a, system or accomplishing the a'bovestated objects vs. obviating the disadvantages mentioned, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accow -anyier;- drawinga simplified diagrannnatio circuits of a system oi reggc embodying our invention; and U 4? are similar views of modification system. that is shown in Fig,

Referring to Fig 1 oi the system here shown compi o suitable supply-circuit co u tively marked Trolley and dynamo-electric machine, such. trio-vehicle motor having airina" and a series-connected fiel as winding F; a motor generator aratiis, preferably of tie amiliar dyn iiig a motor-armaturewin. ii Q M and. a series-oonnected generator-armatiare Winding G, the dynamotor being provided with a common exciting fieldmagnet winding E that is connected across the two armature windings M and G"; translating device, such as a resistor R, that is connected from a point ii'itermediate the arineture A and field Winding F to a point intermediate the armature windings M and G; and a suitable svitohing device ,for varying the active amount of the resistor in circuit, in any Well -lmo W11 manner;

The armature winding of the dynamotor is thus connected, thmugh i'he resistor R, across the main rn'iior armature A; While the generatorarniature Winding G is connected in circuit with the resistor R in par allel relation to the main field Winding l Inasmuch the particular system of con trol for starting and initially accelerating the main motor is not essential to our pres ent invention, We have not deemed it necessary to illustrate our i vention in any greater detail, Assuming that the main v otcr is running at a speed sciizahle for regceiea aiive N; ere a dys uch nega cl "Winding" hangs in the dynamourc i. ii

2 main motor type, havcircuit is estsfolis vtion and that the connections shown in have been eii'ected to permit oithe egeuerzitioii of energy to the supply circuit, eild operation 01 the system may be set forth ioiiowe: indicated by the arrow heads, the main regenerafiive circuit is esiabiished from the conductor Ground, through con and 2, fiche generuh armature z. predete'rniined portion of the the crnmture A of the main d)"; uno-eectric niec ine, and thence to the suppl wcircuit conductor Trolley. The field rcuii. for the i in machine includes he aerator as nmtu. E, the uboveqnent'ioned i z e'i'eri'nined portion. of the re tor R, which the field current; flows; in. the direction the regenerated current, Lie field winding F and conductors and to the gene tor ernmiure (a The excitation rhe iieid riding i is thus produced by the dilijereuce in. voltage. between the eleciromotive "force generated in the armature G and the combined ohmic drops in the resistor that are produced by the regenerated and the field-winding currents. Consequentiy, ii the regenerated current tends increase by reason of fluctuations in the suppiy-cimuit vol'mge, or for on other roz1- on, the ohmic drop of the resieior R is corres scor it,

oonm ly increased, thus inherently, relut udly and Without the use or? any u liar-y apparatus, Such as relays, reducerioitution of the main fieid winding 1 to the some degree and, thus, in turn, decreasing the regei'icrzired voltage dmt is pro duced by the main motor m'oiziturc In the reg nit-ed current t u to do ':e, the etc-so action takes place and the eueruoe-d 'voitage of the arn'iuiure A elo'hively quickly brought up to predeined value. In this way, undesirable "ge erated current- :ire bhe hralmig "raduuliy and by z during may he :lnorwi-cirou in accord period, the. correspondiugly switching d :vice suits ie and far in the system g th e coZi-moiious of the 11min field w o 1/ ii" are IllOdlfiEd. The main held-Wind circuit.

as indieated by the armour-heads, ooinpr rho generator armature G, the fieid winding :9, 'oonfiuotors i and 5, and the resisior R which is conneeied to the generator (3- at a junction-point The main regenerative lied from the conducror conductors 6 and 5, the

fi-round, rhror Sister TEE, through which the com. med fie d and regenerat ve currents flow in the some 1 280131011, the guucrloupomb conductor 1',

armature A and thence re the supplycirouiiconductor Trolley.

. The dynumotor here shown as provided. with only :1. series-connected field-magnet Winding El. I will be understood that either the Sllll1iQXCltCi or the series-excited dynun'loiors already mentioned, or the compormd-cxcited type of dyniuuotor that is shown in Fig. i, may be employed, as desired. However, the series-excited dynamocor of Fig. 2 has an important advantage in that the speed and the voltage output of the exciting zu'mzumre follow the variations of supply-o cuit voltage, as reflected in the chzmg'es of currem; in the common field 'Wiiflilflg for iooih armature vindings oi the (ijJRlzUIlOtUl. Thus, at all times, the genera-- tor mirage beam-5 :a substantially constant ratio to the. voltage of the supply circui fi hereas, in the system illustrated in Fig. 1, it will be observed that the generator armature winding G- carries both the regenerative and the field-Winding currents and, consequently, must be of relatively large capacity, in the system shown in Fig. 2, the generidor G connected in circuit to carry only the excuing current of the field winding F and, consequently, may be of relatiely small cupucity, cost, etc. n

.i'he operation of the system shown 11) 2 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, sure, for example, if the regenerated cut:- rem increases, the increased ohmic drop in the resistor R will inherently effect a cor responding in the ericicotion of the fieid Winding thereby muinmiuing a suitable voltage atthe terminals of the main i'rllnittllifi A.

In Fig. a suitable battery 13 is substituted for the dynamotor or .1'uoto1"-gene1'ai;or

of the em shown in i 2, ,1 spending circuit comiections oving otherwise the 83339. The battery is thus adopted to e the field Wind 1g r and to send cur- .hrough the re. in the some n12.11-

150 during {he ecocle" ing period of the.

loior. For example, consider the system L 3a m. 1 when the mom motor is acceleratingor running ut its balancing speed, the direction of currents in the Various circuits min udicnted by dotted arrows. it. will be ohsel'ved that the field Winding current flows in the same direction as during regeneration, and this current is shown as coming partially from the Trolley through the urnmture in the reverse direction and partial y from the generator armature G a predetermined increase of the excitation of the main motor field Winding F; i

We do not wish to be restricted to the specific circuit connections or arrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modifications thereof may be made Within the spirit and scope of our invention. "We desire, therefore, that only such liinintations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:

1. A system of control. comprising a main dynamo-electric machine having an armature and a field-magnet Winding, auxiliary dynamoelectric means connected to excite the main field. winding and provided with a plurality of. armature windings and a field Winding excited by the current of one of the auxiliary armature windings, and a resistor, the circuit connections being such that the main armature current and the auxiliary exciting current traverse said resistor in the same direction.

2. 'A system of control comprising a main dynamo-electric machine having an armature and field-magnet winding, auxiliary dynamo-electric means connected to excite the main field winding and provided. with a series field winding, and a resistor, the circuit connections being such that the main armature current and the auxiliary exciting current traverse said resistor in the same directien.

3. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, and a main dynamoelectric machine having an armature and a field-magnet winding, of means including an auxiliary exciting armature Winding associated therewith for inherently imparting to the main machine a negative compound characteristic during regeneration, and a series-excited driving armature Winding for said exciting armature winding.

4. In a system of cimtrol, the combination with a supply circuit, and a main dynamoelectric machine having an armature and a field-magnet-w-inding, of a translating device connected in series relation with the main armature across the supply circuit, an auxiliary exciting armature Winding connected through said field winding across said translating device, and a driving armature Winding for said exciting armature Winding energized from the supply circuit and provided with a series-related exciting winding.

5. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, and a main dynamoelectric machine having an ann ature and a field winding, of means including an auxiliary exciting amnature winding connected to the machine to impart thereto a negative compound characteristic during regeneration, a driving armature Winding for said exciting armature winding, and means for exciting both auxiliary armature windings in accordance with the load upon said driving armature.

6. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, and a main dynamo electric machine having an armature and a field-magnet Winding, of means including an auxiliary exciting armature Winding associated therewith for inherently impartingto the main machine a negative compound characteristic during regeneration, and means 00- erated voltage thereof to the supply-circuitvolta ge.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 29th day of April, 1915.

RUDOLF E. HELLMUND. RALPH E. FERRIS. 

